STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON THE USE OF VLOG AS LEARNING MEDIA FOR EF SPEAKING SKILL

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to find out students’ perceptions toward a learning media for EFL speaking skills. The purpose of this study is to find out students’ perceptions toward a learning media for EFL speaking skills. In this research, the researcher used questionnaires. The method of data analysis was descriptive method, which is analysing the data by illustrating the object of the research. The population of this research was the second-grade students of SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon. There were 4 classes that spread into 2 science classes and 2 social classes. There were 107-second year students. And the sample was taken from science and social class based on the teacher’s recommendation. There were 35 students participating in this research to answer the questionnaires. Based on the results of this study, it was found that the students’ perception toward the statements was dominated positively because students were having a great experience in watching Video Blog. As conclusion, YouTube English Vlog was considered effective to the second-year students of SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon. English teachers were suggested to always do something creative, follow the technology, and improve what needs to be improved for example blending the media with some interesting stimulations.


INTRODUCTION
The term Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 has become a hot topic in Indonesia recently. During this particular era, some of revolutions, like in technology innovations has emerged rapidly to the surface of any aspects of life in education, due to that, these days, technology has claimed further its role in language teaching-learning through its software or hardware. According to (Hampp, 2019: 15) Language is a tool for expressing yourself, a communication tool, and a means for social control. Additionally, without a doubt, plenty of teachers have also brought more technology, like through mobile devices, into their classrooms to facilitate the teaching-learning environment.
As stated by (Maru, 2009) "Teaching language is not merely a matter of techniques and teacher's teaching role as well as material but also aspect related to an atmosphere or climate within the teaching and learning take place". For instance: in acquisition, using mobile devices in language classroom have revealed several positive outcomes, like providing access of collaborative classroom activities for group in speaking, writing, and listening furthermore as enriching the activities in classroom authentically by using mobile apps or online sites (Godwin-Jones, 2018). Furthermore, another innovation of technology which has become very hip recently is what is called vlog and YouTube channel. YouTube is a web video-sharing or video hosting, which lets users have access to uploading, sharing, and watching videos. (Gunelius, 2018) also adds that vlog could be a form of blog within which it is stuffed with video content in it. Having a channel on YouTube, people can create vlog content then upload it to their channel. Thus, because of this phenomenon, teachers or learners also possibly can use Video Blog (Vlog) on YouTube or create their own to urge them involved within the environment of the teaching.
Improving speaking skill will help people to speak easily to one another without misunderstanding and misapprehension. The information from English First English Proficiency Index in 2017 shows the Ranks for Indonesia English Proficiency Index remains in 39th position in Asia region. The information shows from English skill in Indonesia is occupied the bottom rank which implies it have to be improved. In Indonesia, people learn English as their foreign language (EFL) and still find some problems associated with speaking skill and influence to their English proficiency. It is a problem when students cannot understand or cannot get the point of the written text they have read (Liando, 2019:947). (Rahman, 2013) also added that EFL students lack the motivation and therefore the drive to improvise their speaking within the fear of creating mistake. Besides, the scholars of speaking class still have problem in delivering their ideas about certain topics (Anggareni and Wulanjani, 2017). During the era of 21st century of learning, the utilization of technology takes a vital role in teaching and learning process (Anggareni and Wulanjani, 2017). A learner is also more active in his or her learning by technology and technology has potential to vary from passive to active learner (Lowerison, 2006).

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK a. Definition of Learning Strategies
According to (Andries, 2019:2)"Learning strategies are ways that will be selected and used by a teacher to deliver learning material so that it will be easier for students to receive and understand learning materials that ultimately can be mastered learning objectives at the end of learning activities". Every learner is familiar with using technology in their daily today. By increasing technology students have many resources to reinforce their speaking skill as technology provides eases to academic and education sides (Safitri & Khoiriyah, 2017). Thus, through technology students have high motivation to learn as it provides active engagement, collaborative teamwork, and it helps students with wider sources. Speaking is one of the important skills within the process of acquisition. (Burns, 2012) holds the view that speaking is extremely complex skill that uses simultaneous process-cognitive, physical and socio cultural-and a speaker's knowledge and skill need to be activated rapidly in real time.

b. Definition of Speaking
Speaking English is kind of challenging for EFL learners, especially Indonesian learners. (Ellis, 2008) stated that lacking the possibility to practice the language frequently and in several contexts may make the scholars struggle to develop their speaking skill. (Maru, 2016:58) also stated that "Language is the most important aspect in the life of all human beings". Therefore, the importance of language is the holistic understanding of human speech and communication itself. Since English used internationally. Reading is a way for students in getting information.

RESEARCH METHOD
In this research, the researcher used questionnaires. The method of data analysis was descriptive method, which is analyzing the data by illustrating the object of the research (Kristina Nike. A 2006:31). The population of this research was the second-year students of SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon. There were 4 classes that spread into 2 science classes and 2 social classes. There were 107-second year students. And the sample was taken from science and social class based on the teacher's recommendation. There were 35 students participating in this research.
The questionnaire used in this study is closed-ended questionnaire. "A closed-ended survey question is one that provides respondents with a fixed number of responses from which to choose an answer" (Lavrakas, 2008). Researcher used Likert-scale questionnaire where the participants asked to rate items on a level of frequency. It consists of five agreement words namely 'strongly disagree', 'disagree', 'neutral', 'agree', 'strongly agree'. The alternative options for the items and their score are shown in Table 1. This closed-ended questionnaire is adapted from Fortune, Shifflett and Sibley (2006) for students' perception of online or face-to-face learning and social media, researcher concluded from the opinions of experts as seen in theoretical bases. There are twenty statements from the original, which divided into two main sections. Those are demographic questions and students' perceptions. And in this research, there are fifteen positive statements adapted from the original and those statements related to students' opinion toward Vlog (Video Blog) as learning media. This instrument also contains indicators that were divided into three parts. The indicators are presented in Table 2 below:

Validity
In this study, validity of the questionnaire was established statistically using Pearson product Moment correlation. There were 15 students from social class participating in this validity test. The items were analyzed using the SPSS 25 computer program for windows. To determine whether the item is valid or not is seen by comparing the value of r-item with r table product moment. If the value of r-item > r table product moment, the instrument is declared valid but if the value of rx-item< r table product moment, the instrument is declared invalid. The test results can be seen in the following table. Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that all items are valid because each item shows that rxy ˃ r table product moment.

Reliability
Reliability refers to how well a test consistently measures what it should. The reliability test in this study used the computer program SPSS 25 for windows with the reliability test of the Cronbach Alpha technique. To determine whether the questionnaire is reliable or not, the following criteria was used.

Techniques of Collecting Data
The researcher used questionnaires to collect the data. According to Arikunto (2002:128), a questionnaire is number of written questions that are used to gather information from the respondents about themselves or other things to know. Therefore, by apply this questionnaire it will reveal the perceptions of EFL students toward Video Blog (Vlog) as learning media in speaking. The technique of data analysis was done by processing the result of questionnaire through qualitative method. Data dealing with the first research question was analyzed quantitatively in percentage. The simplest way to present the results is to indicate the percentage of respondents who selected each alternative for each item. In analyzing the data, these steps were applied: 1. The questionnaire was distributed to the participants. 2. The questionnaire was collected after the participants have finished answering the questionnaire. 3. The data was processed. The questionnaire will be counted and grouped based on the type of responses 4. The questionnaire's results were provided in the form of percentages.
The data collected were then analyzed in statistical descriptive way by using percentage formula.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION 1. Result
This section presents the results on students' perceptions towards video blog collected from the questionnaire. There are 35-second year students of SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon participated in this study. The responses in this questionnaire noted as: SA= Strongly Agree, A= Agree, N= Neutral, D= Disagree, and SD= Strongly Disagree. The following is the responses from the participants in number. Table 5. Questionnaire Responses The responses were then calculated based on percentage, as depicted in Table 6. Table 6. Questionnaire Data in Percentage The result of questionnaire per question item is presented in the following figures. Figure 1. Watching English Vlog can be a very effective strategy as it helps the students to improve their speaking skills From the figure, it could be seen that 23% of the students strongly agreed with the statement, 46% of the students agreed, 28% neutral, 3% disagreed and none of them strongly disagreed with the statement. It showed that students responded positively if watching English Vlog can be a very effective strategy as it helps the students to improve their speaking skills. From the chart, it was clear that 19% and 45% of the students strongly agreed and positively agreed with the statement and 36% Neutral. And none of them were choosing either disagree or strongly disagree. The result indicated that, English Vlog could be a learning media for EFL speaking skills based on their experiences and outcomes. Figure 3. Watching English Vlog easily helps students to learn English because it delivers in creative way follows certain trends The chart above showed that 22% of the students strongly agreed with the statement, 43% of students agreed, 30% neutral 5% disagreed and 0% of them strongly disagreed with the statement. This result conveyed that watching English Vlog easily helps students to learn English because it delivers in creative way follows certain trends.  The obtained result from students' responses showed that 21% of the sample strongly agreed with the statement, 60% agreed, 16% Neutral and 3% respectively disagreed with the statement. It let us know that only a few students disagreed with the statement. Through this chart, it was noticed that 6% and 50% of the respondents strongly agreed and agreed with the statement while 35% Neutral, 9% disagreed and none of the respondents strongly disagreed with the statement. This result indicated that more than a half student agreed that English Vlog teaches them how to speak like native speakers. Figure 6. Watching English Vlog never get me bored, because it is very interesting and relaxing From the figure above, it could be seen that 20% of the respondents strongly agreed with the statement, 18% agreed, 50% neutral, 10% disagreed and 2% of the respondents strongly disagreed with the statement which meant almost each one of the agree with the statement.  From the chart, it was clear that 26% and 54% of the students strongly agreed and positively agreed with the statement and 17% Neutral. A few students responded to disagree with this statement that made 3% appeared in the chart above. The result indicated that, except those who did not respond to the statement, English Vlog could be media of learning English especially speaking because I can access it anytime and anywhere. It could be seen from the chart above that 22% of the respondents strongly agreed, 36% positively agreed, 39% neutral and 3% disagreed with the statement. Although, 3% disagreed with it, the rest of the sample recognized themselves having the opportunities to know more about other culture through English Vlog. In terms of the percentage of students who strongly agreed and positively agreed with the figure, this chart showed that 22% of the sample strongly agreed and 43% positively agreed and 32% Neutral. On the opposite side, 3% respectively disagreed and none of them strongly agreed with the statement. It conveyed to us that watching English Vlog has increased their vocabulary range.  Figure 10. By watching English Vlog, now I know how to pronounce words properly like a native We can see chart showed that the majority of the respondents agreed and strongly agreed with this statement by 54% and 21. By that, it could be conveyed that watching English Vlog, now they know how to pronounce words properly like a native. Figure 11. By watching English, Vlog I also got several Synonyms/Academic Words that I didn't even know before Figure by watching English Vlog I also got several Synonyms/Academic Words that I didn't even know before showed that most of students strongly agreed and agreed the statement with 22% and 44%. On the other hand, this result also showed that students who strongly disagreed (3%) and disagreed (3%) and there are some 28% choose neutral with this statement. Figure 12. By Watching English Vlog, I also got several synonyms/academic words that I didn't even know before Based on the figure above, it was clear that the majority of the respondents were in line with this statement. The chart showed 23% strongly agreed and 54% agreed. In other words, 20% of the respondent was neutral while the rest (3% of the respondents) disagreed with this statement.  The chart above showed that 3% of the students strongly agreed with the statement, 19% of students agreed, 37% neutral 11% disagreed and 0% of them strongly disagreed with the statement. This result conveyed that their speaking skills have improved because of watching English Vlog. Figure 14. I am feeling more confident and comfortable learning speaking skills on English Vlog rather than common teaching-learning process Respondents' responses showed in the chart above conveyed that 20% agreed, 21% of them strongly agreed, 54% neutral while 5% disagreed and none of them were strongly disagreed with this statement. It could be seen from the percentage that some respondents were feeling more confident and comfortable learning speaking skills on English Vlog rather than common teaching-learning process. From the chart, it was clear that 20% and 34% of the students strongly agreed and positively agreed with the statement and 46% Neutral. And none of them were choosing either disagree or strongly disagree. The result indicated that, the majority were satisfied with watching English Vlog, because it has enhanced their speaking skills ability. The result is also categorized into 3 indicators. They are: A. Media Availability and Effectiveness B. Learning Outcomes C. Experience of Using the Media

Media Availability and Effectiveness
Indicator of students understanding is represented by 7 items. The respondents' responses to each items were calculated and data presented in Table above are graphically displayed in Chart 16.

Figure 16. Media Availability and Effectiveness
Based on the chart above, it shows that most of the students gave positive perceptions of teacher pedagogic competence in the students understanding indicator, where 1% of students stated Strongly Agree, 55% stated Agree, 37% stated neutral, 6% Disagree, and 1% stated Strongly Disagree. The conclusion is that most students of the second year state that YouTube English Vlog is effective and easy to access because of its availibility.

Learning Outcomes
This indicator contains of 6 items. Based on the respondents' responses, the result is graphically displayed in Chart 17. Figure 17. Total Score of Learning Outcomes Based on the chart above, it shows that more than 50% of students respond with strongly agree and agree responses. This shows that watching YouTube Vlog definitely gave a good outcome.

Experience of Using the Media
There are 2 items related to this indicator and the result is graphically displayed in Chart 18.  Figure 18. Total Score of Experience of Using the Media Based on the chart above, it shows a total of 51% of them were "Strongly Agree and Agree". 49% were Neutral and none of them were Disagree and Strongly Disagree. It means that most of students were experiencing good in this media.

Discussion
In this section, the researcher discussed the research finding on 35 second-year students' perceptions towards Vlog as a media of EFL speaking skills in SMA Lokon St. Nikolaus Tomohon. This finding was obtained from the questionnaire handed out to the students.
The result of the data analysis summarized in Table 6 revealed several important things to be noticed.
The discussion of this study related to students' perceptions about their experience watching YouTube English Vlog. Students' responses for each item in the distributed questionnaire were analyzed and discussed by the students' understanding, opinion, experience and outcome from watching the media. Several questions were obtained positive responses by second year students as representatives of all students.
The first indicator which is Effectiveness with "Strongly Agree" and "Agree" responded by more than a half of student which means they reinforced that YouTube Vlog video has increased their speaking skills effectively. For example: watching English Vlog provides a new learning environment where learners can learn by visually and auditorily, watching English Vlog could be a media of learning English especially speaking because I can access it anytime and anywhere with an amazing 81%, 80%. It means that the students were having several great experience and outcomes because of the availability and effectiveness content's features. It also supported by the statement of (Karch, 2019). "Having a channel on YouTube means creating vlog contents, then uploading them on their channel. Additionally, the general public can express their opinion towards the video uploaded on the channel. Teachers or learners can also use vlogs on YouTube or create themselves to urge them involved within the environment of the teaching-learning process." For the second indicator which is learning outcomes, more than 50% of students respond with strongly agree and agree responses. This shows that watching YouTube Vlog definitely gave and increased their speaking skills. Stated that they got a lot of vocabulary, idioms, synonyms, academic words and learnt new culture in English so they agreed that their speaking skills has improved.
And the third indicator which is their feeling while experiencing the media. Most of them were satisfied enough. However, there was one thing to be noticed more than a half students choose neutral to the I am feeling more confident and comfortable learning speaking skills on English Vlog rather than common teaching-learning process. This showed that some of them still need guidance and blending activities from the media and the teacher to stimulate their interest.
The use of English Vlog helps to teach student in creative and great way in terms of speaking skills. Besides that, English Vlog can also increase the efficiency of learning and can improve the quality of education or the school itself. In this fourth industrial revolution era with increasingly rapid technological development, the world of education is required to be able to use 0% 0% 49% 48% 3% Strongy Disagree Disagree Neutral Agree technology in carrying out its learning so that all students are able to compete in the corporate work. Teachers have to be ready with current technological changes. In addition to having a great combination of teaching, teachers must also guide them and provide something fun to stimulate the students. Because the new generation nowadays needs something new in every particular way, especially media.

CONCLUSION
This study discussed how students' perceptions toward video blog as their learning media of speaking skills. Based on the results of this study, it was found that students were having some great experiences in watching English Vlog.
In general, the students responded to the statements very well with positive responses dominated by Agree and Strongly Agree. It showed that the perceptions of the students towards this Vlog were considered as an effective media based on their experience.
There were also three indicators measuring students' perception towards Vlog, namely media availability and effectiveness, learning outcomes and experience of using the media. Students' responses toward the indicators were good with strongly agree and agree responses dominated. But for the last indicator there were almost 50% of the students who choose neutral. It means that the students still feel it between of agree and disagree. The teachers must give some additional approaches and guidance to them so they will feel comfortable and enjoy while using the media.
The researcher also found there were three highest statements dominated with Strongly Agree and Agree responses as follows Watching English Vlog provides a new learning environment where learners can learn by visually and auditorily, Watching English Vlog could be media of learning English especially speaking because I can access it anytime and anywhere and by watching English Vlog I also got several Synonyms/Academic Words that I didn't even know before. Those statements meant English Video Blog has brought something new to the students like providing a new environment, they can access it anytime and anywhere and most importantly they have got something new as their outcomes, new synonyms and academic words for example.