EFFECTIVENESS OF MINDFULNESS ON PSYCHONEUROIMUNOLOGI : SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Abstract
Permasalahan pada psikoneuroimunologi (PNI) dapat mengakibatkan pemburukan status kesehatan apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Mindfulness diketahui memberikan efek yang baik terhadap perbaikan pada permasalahan PNI. Tujuan penulisan sistematik review ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas terapi mindfulness terhadap psikoneuroimunologi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pencarian artikel-artikel pada database Scopus, ScienceDirect, Proquest, Pubmed, CINHL dan Springerlink yang telah di publikasi dengan batasan tahun 2013 hingga 2019. Adapun keyword yang digunakan adalah “Mindfulness” AND “Psychoneuroimmunology” OR “Psycho” OR “Neuro” OR “Immunology”. The Centre for Review and Dissemination and the Joanna Briggs Institute Guideline sebagai panduan dalam memilih dan menentukan kualitas studi yang dirangkum. Jurnal yang dipilih dalam penulisan sitematik review ini adalah jurnal yang menggunakan desain Randomized Controlled Trial atau Randomized Clinical Trial. Pelaporan systematic review ditulis dengan menggunakan panduan checklist dari PRISMA. Pemilihan jurnal berdasarkan kata kunci yang digunakan menghasilkan 928.420 berpotensi studi yang relevan. 282.078 duplikasi dihapus dan 646.201 judul dan abstrak yang ditemukan 24 jurnal yang di review menunjukkan bahwa mindfulness berpengaruh terhadap PNI antara lain Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery (MBCR), Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI), Mindfulness Meditation (MM) durasi intervensi antara 3 hari – 8 minggu. Mindfulness memberikan efek ketenangan dan kenyamanan sehingga mampu meningkatkan perbaikan melalui peningkatan imunologis dalam masalah kesehatan yang dimediasi seperti penyakit menular, kanker, autoimunitas, alergi, dan penyembuhan luka, fungsi kekebalan, relaksasi dan hipnoterapi dan meningkatkan suasana hati. Beberapa jenis mindfulness berpengaruh baik terhadap psikoneuroimunologi tetapi dalam penulisan ini belum dapat ditentukan jenis mindfulness yang paling efektif. Sehingga perlu dilakukan pemilahan jenis mindfulness ketika menerapkan pada pasien tertentu.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/jiki.v6i1.5860
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