Eco-Theology in Indonesian Islam: Ideas on Stewardship among Muhammadiyah Members
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31000/jgcs.v7i1.7303Kata Kunci:
Eco-Theology, Indonesia, Islam, Stewardship, MuhammadiyahAbstrak
In response to environmental degradation, Muslims worldwide have been developing Green Islam and Eco- Theology. This article focuses on Indonesia, particularly on Muhammadiyah members. The authors advocate an empirical approach, based on an analysis of the beliefs of Muslims rather than on the source texts of Islam. Terms frequently used by Muslims to refer to the relationship between humans and nature is “steward†and “stewardshipâ€. By conducting interviews, the authors aim to get a deeper insight into how these terms are used in constructing Green Islam. Interviewees say on the one hand that “all creatures are the sameâ€, on the other hand, that humans act “as stewards, as leaders†of nature. This ambiguity raises a dilemma for Eco-Theology in Indonesian Islam: between deep ecology and eco-modernity. The interviewees, however, also see a need to go beyond this dichotomy, by moderation and balancing, or the Middle Path. The Middle Path is a life orientation that promotes “harmony between humankind, the rest of nature and the Transcendent.â€
Â
Menanggapi degradasi lingkungan, umat Islam di seluruh dunia telah mengembangkan Islamdan Eco-Theology. Artikel ini berfokus pada Indonesia, khususnya pada anggota Muhammadiyah. Para penulis menganjurkan pendekatan empiris, berdasarkan analisis keyakinan Muslim daripada pada teks sumber Islam. Istilah yang sering digunakan oleh umat Islam untuk merujuk pada hubungan antara manusia dan alam adalah “penatalayanan†dan “penatalayananâ€. Dengan melakukan wawancara, penulis bertujuan untuk mendapatkan wawasan yang lebih dalam tentang bagaimana istilah-istilah ini digunakan dalam membangun Islam Hijau. Orang yang diwawancarai mengatakan di satu sisi bahwa “semua makhluk adalah samaâ€, di sisi lain bahwa manusia bertindak “sebagai pelayan, sebagai pemimpin†alam. Ambiguitas ini menimbulkan dilema bagi eko-teologi dalam Islam Indonesia: antara ekologi dalam dan eko-modernitas. Orang yang diwawancarai, bagaimanapun, juga melihat kebutuhan untuk melampaui thadalah dikotomiy, dengan moderasi dan keseimbangan, atau Jalan Tengah. Jalan Tengah adalah orientasi hidup yang mempromosikan “harmoni antara umat manusia, seluruh alam dan Transenden.â€
Referensi
Asian Development Bank (2016). Indonesia: country water assessment. Mandaluyong City: Asian Development Bank.
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/institutional-document/183339/ino-water-assessment.pdf (assessed 31 March 202Fair2)
Bagir, Z. & N. Martiam (2016). Islam: Norms and practices. In W. Jenkins M. E. Tucker & J. Grim (eds.), Routledge Handbook of Religion and Ecology. London: Routledge, pp. 79-87.
Baharuddin, A. (2011). Guardianship of the Environment: An Islamic Perspective in the Context of Religious Studies, Theology, and Sustainable Development in Ipgrave. M., Marshall, D., & Williams, R. (Eds.) Humanity: Texts and Contexts: Christian and Muslim Perspectives. Washington: Georgetown University Press.
De Groot, M., M. Drenthen, W. de Groot (2011). “Public Visions of the Human/Nature Relationship and their Implications for Environmental Ethics.†Environmental Ethics 33/1: 25-44.
Duong, N., R. van den Born, R. (2019). “Thinking about Nature in the East: An Empirical Investigation of Visions of Nature in Vietnam.†In Ecopsychology 11/1.
Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. London: Polity Press.
Fairclough, N. (2001). Langue and Power. Second Edition. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
Islamic Foundation for Ecology and Environmental Science (2015), The Islamic Declaration on Global Climate Change.
https://www.ifees.org.uk/about/islamic-declaration-on-global-climate-change/ (assessed 31 March 2022)
Jotzo, F., (2012). Can Indonesia lead on Climate Change? In: Anthony Reid red., The Repositioning of Asia’s Third Giant. Singapore: ISEAS Publishing.
Khaled, F., (2005). Islamic Basis for Environmental Protection. In: B. Taylor, J. Kaplan, Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature 1, New York: Continuum, 879-884.
Mangunjaya, F. (2011). Developing Environmental Awareness and Conservation through Islamic Teaching. Journal of Islamic Studies 22:1, pp. 36–49.
Marsiyanti, A., S. Ma’arif, M. Yusuf, Z. Bagir & F. Wijsen (forthcoming). Humans and Nature: Does religion make a difference in Indonesia? Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture.
Nasr, S. (1968). The Encounter of Man and Nature. The Spiritual Crisis of Modern Man. London: George Allen and Unwin.
Schwencke, A. (2012). Globalized Eco-Islam. A survey of Global Islamic Environmentalism. Leiden: Leiden Institute for Religious Studies.
Taqavi, M., Kafaee, M., & Ravanbakhsh, R. (2021). Islamic alternatives to the ethical maxims of modern technology from the perspective of Mario Bunge. Technology in Society, 66, 101681.
Van der Ven, J. (1988). Practical Theology: From Applied to Empirical Theology. Journal of Empirical Theology 1/1, 7-28.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Authors retain copyright of their articles and grant the Journal of Government and Civil Society (JGCS) the right of first publication under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0).Â
Under this license, others are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially
As long as:
- Appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and the journal
- A link to the license is provided
- Any modified content is distributed under the same license
License details: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Authors are also permitted to distribute their published work in other venues (e.g., institutional repositories or books) with acknowledgment of its original publication in JGCS.
Authors are encouraged to disseminate their work (e.g., via preprint servers or academic networks) prior to and during the submission process to increase visibility and impact.
