SIMULASI NUMERIK KARAKTERISASI SOLAR WATER HEATER SISTEM AKTIF DENGAN VARIASI JUMLAH KAPSUL
Abstract
Abstrak
Phase change material (PCM) merupakan material yang dapat menyimpan energi termal secara panas laten. Penggunaan PCM berfungsi meningkatkan kapasitas penyimpanan panas serta mendapatkan unjuk kerja yang terbaik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik PCM menggunakan simulasi 3D dengan metode pendekatan enthalphy-porosity berupa waktu pelelehan, pola pelehan, heat transfer, dan panas kumulatif. Simulasi dilakukan pada laju aliran 1 lpm dan heat flux konstan pada 1.000 W/m2. Jumlah PCM di dalam tangki penyimpan panas SWH divariasikan menjadi 6, 9 dan 12 kapsul PCM. Hasil simulasi SWH dengan jumlah 12 kapsul memiliki panas kumulatif yang paling besar. SWH dengan jumlah 6 kapsul mencapai fraksi cair 1 setelah 93,7 menit dengan panas kumulatif 701,74 kJ, sedangkan pada 9 kapsul fraksi cair 1 setelah 89,1 menit dengan panas kumulatif 1.322,12 kJ, dan pada 12 PCM fraksi cair 1 setelah 87,5 menit dengan panas kumulatif 1.744,62 kJ.
Kata Kunci: Studi numerik, Pelelehan, Phase Change Materials, Solar Water Heater
Abstract
Phase change material (PCM) is a material that can store thermal energy latently. The use of PCM serves to increase the heat storage capacity and get the best performance. This study aims to determine the characteristics of PCM using 3D simulation with the enthalphy-porosity approach in the form of melting time, melting pattern, heat transfer, and combined heat. The simulation was carried out at a flow rate of 1 lpm and a constant heat flux of 1.000 W/m2. The amount of PCM in the SWH heat storage tank was varied to 6, 9 and 12 PCM capsules. SWH simulation results with a total of 12 capsules have the greatest cumulative heat. SWH with 6 capsules reached liquid fraction 1 after 93,7 minutes with a cumulative heat of 701,74 kJ, whereas in 9 capsules liquid fraction 1 after 89,1 minutes with a cumulative heat of 1.322,12 kJ, and in 12 PCM liquid fraction 1 after 87,5 minutes with a cumulative heat of 1.744,62 kJ.
Keywords: Numerical study, Melting, Phase Change Materials, Solar Water Heater
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/sinamu.v4i1.7879
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