MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPAS†(STUDI KASUS KELAS V SD NEGERI PUSAKASARI)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31000/ijoee.v7i2.14234Abstract
Abstract
This research describes how Project-Based Learning (PjBL) management can be implemented to enhance Science, Social Studies, and Natural Sciences (IPAS) learning outcomes for fifth-grade students at SD Negeri Pusakasari. The study's background stems from the initial condition of low IPAS learning achievements and limited student engagement in the learning process, largely due to traditional teaching methods. PjBL was proposed as an innovative solution given its potential to encourage active participation, critical thinking, and collaborative skills among students. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study method, collecting data through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The gathered data were analyzed descriptively. The findings indicate that PjBL implementation was carried out through four key managerial stages in accordance with Daft's theory: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Each stage was applied systematically and adapted to the students' needs and the Merdeka Curriculum. This PjBL management successfully improved students' IPAS learning outcomes across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. Nevertheless, challenges were identified, such as limited facilities and students' ability to use digital media. To address these, strategies were proposed, including optimizing school assets and providing intensive mentorship. Theoretically, this research contributes to the literature on innovative learning management. This study offers a replicable PjBL managerial model for other primary schools with similar characteristics.
Keywords: project-based learning, learning management, student learning outcomes, IPASReferences
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Condliffe, B., Quint, J., Visher, M. G., Bangser, M. R., Drohojowska, S., Saco, L., & Nelson, E. (2017). Project-Based Learning A Literature Review Working Paper. www.mdrc.org.
Daft, R. L. . (2021). The new era of management. Thomson/South-Western.
Duke, N. K., Halvorsen, A. L., Strachan, S. L., Kim, J., & Konstantopoulos, S. (2021). Putting PjBL to the Test: The Impact of Project-Based Learning on Second Graders’ Social Studies and Literacy Learning and Motivation in Low-SES School Settings. American Educational Research Journal, 58(1), 160–200. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831220929638
Danoebroto, S. (2017). Teori Perkembangan Kognitif Jean Piaget dan Implikasinya dalam Pembelajaran. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 2(1).
Dewi, I. K., & Hidayat, Y. (2023). Analisis Pemanfaatan Lingkungan sebagai Sumber Belajar dalam Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 10(1), 1-10.
Fitriyah, L., & Haryati, S. (2023). Pembelajaran IPAS Terpadu Berbasis Proyek untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar FIP UNP, 7(2), 201-210.
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Handayani, R., & Lusi, S. (2023). Peningkatan Kesadaran Lingkungan Melalui Proyek Pembelajaran IPAS Berbasis Lingkungan di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 12(3), 321-330.
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Honebein, P. C., & Reigeluth, C. M. (n.d.). Making Good Design Judgments via the Instructional Theory Framework.
Hugerat, M. (2016). How teaching science using project-based learning strategies affects the classroom learning environment. Learning Environments Research, 19(3), 383–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-016-9212-y
Juuti, K., Lavonen, J., Salonen, V., Salmela-Aro, K., Schneider, B., & Krajcik, J. (2021). A Teacher–Researcher Partnership for Professional Learning: Co-Designing Project-Based Learning Units to Increase Student Engagement in Science Classes. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 32(6), 625–641. https://doi.org/10.1080/1046560X.2021.1872207
Krajcik, J., Schneider, B., Miller, E. A., Chen, I. C., Bradford, L., Baker, Q., Bartz, K., Miller, C., Li, T., Codere, S., & Peek-Brown, D. (2023). Assessing the Effect of Project-Based Learning on Science Learning in Elementary Schools. American Educational Research Journal, 60(1), 70–102. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312221129247
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Luthfi, N., Susanti, E., Avida, A., Sari, P. P., & Yonanda, P. (2024). Improving Student Learning Outcomes through Project-Based Learning Models in Natural Science. Biosfer: Jurnal Tadris Biologi, 15(2), 235. https://doi.org/10.24042/biosfer.v15i2.23634
Mahasneh, A. M., & Alwan, A. F. (2018). The effect of project-based learning on student teacher self-efficacy and achievement. International Journal of Instruction, 11(3), 511–524. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.11335a
Markula, A., & Aksela, M. (2022). The key characteristics of project-based learning: how teachers implement projects in K-12 science education. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43031-021-00042-x
Pertiwi, T. U., Oetomo, D., & Sugiharto, B. (2024). The effectiveness of STEM Project-Based Learning in improving students’ environmental literacy abilities. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 10(2), 476–485. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v10i2.33562
Supriadi, S., & Pratiwi, D. (2023). Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek dalam IPAS untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 11(2), 201-210.
Susilo, B., & Hariyanto, E. (2023). Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran IPAS Berbasis Proyek untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep dan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 11(1), 76-88.
Tyler, R. W. (2019). Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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UNESCO. (2020). Education for Sustainable Development: A Roadmap. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
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Balemen, N., & Özer Keskin, M. (2018). The effectiveness of Project-Based Learning on science education: A meta-analysis search. In International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET) (Vol. 5, Issue 4). http://iojet.org/index.php/IOJET/article/view/452/297
Condliffe, B., Quint, J., Visher, M. G., Bangser, M. R., Drohojowska, S., Saco, L., & Nelson, E. (2017). Project-Based Learning A Literature Review Working Paper. www.mdrc.org.
Daft, R. L. . (2021). The new era of management. Thomson/South-Western.
Duke, N. K., Halvorsen, A. L., Strachan, S. L., Kim, J., & Konstantopoulos, S. (2021). Putting PjBL to the Test: The Impact of Project-Based Learning on Second Graders’ Social Studies and Literacy Learning and Motivation in Low-SES School Settings. American Educational Research Journal, 58(1), 160–200. https://doi.org/10.3102/0002831220929638
Danoebroto, S. (2017). Teori Perkembangan Kognitif Jean Piaget dan Implikasinya dalam Pembelajaran. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 2(1).
Dewi, I. K., & Hidayat, Y. (2023). Analisis Pemanfaatan Lingkungan sebagai Sumber Belajar dalam Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka pada Mata Pelajaran IPAS di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 10(1), 1-10.
Fitriyah, L., & Haryati, S. (2023). Pembelajaran IPAS Terpadu Berbasis Proyek untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar FIP UNP, 7(2), 201-210.
Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586
Handayani, R., & Lusi, S. (2023). Peningkatan Kesadaran Lingkungan Melalui Proyek Pembelajaran IPAS Berbasis Lingkungan di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 12(3), 321-330.
Hasyim, M. (2023). Nilai-Nilai Teologis dalam Sistem Pendidikan Islam. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
Honebein, P. C., & Reigeluth, C. M. (n.d.). Making Good Design Judgments via the Instructional Theory Framework.
Hugerat, M. (2016). How teaching science using project-based learning strategies affects the classroom learning environment. Learning Environments Research, 19(3), 383–395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-016-9212-y
Juuti, K., Lavonen, J., Salonen, V., Salmela-Aro, K., Schneider, B., & Krajcik, J. (2021). A Teacher–Researcher Partnership for Professional Learning: Co-Designing Project-Based Learning Units to Increase Student Engagement in Science Classes. Journal of Science Teacher Education, 32(6), 625–641. https://doi.org/10.1080/1046560X.2021.1872207
Krajcik, J., Schneider, B., Miller, E. A., Chen, I. C., Bradford, L., Baker, Q., Bartz, K., Miller, C., Li, T., Codere, S., & Peek-Brown, D. (2023). Assessing the Effect of Project-Based Learning on Science Learning in Elementary Schools. American Educational Research Journal, 60(1), 70–102. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312221129247
Kurt, G., & Akoglu, K. (2023). Project-based learning in science education: A comprehensive literature review. Interdisciplinary Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 19(3), e2311. https://doi.org/10.29333/ijese/13677
Luthfi, N., Susanti, E., Avida, A., Sari, P. P., & Yonanda, P. (2024). Improving Student Learning Outcomes through Project-Based Learning Models in Natural Science. Biosfer: Jurnal Tadris Biologi, 15(2), 235. https://doi.org/10.24042/biosfer.v15i2.23634
Mahasneh, A. M., & Alwan, A. F. (2018). The effect of project-based learning on student teacher self-efficacy and achievement. International Journal of Instruction, 11(3), 511–524. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.11335a
Markula, A., & Aksela, M. (2022). The key characteristics of project-based learning: how teachers implement projects in K-12 science education. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43031-021-00042-x
Pertiwi, T. U., Oetomo, D., & Sugiharto, B. (2024). The effectiveness of STEM Project-Based Learning in improving students’ environmental literacy abilities. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 10(2), 476–485. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v10i2.33562
Supriadi, S., & Pratiwi, D. (2023). Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek dalam IPAS untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 11(2), 201-210.
Susilo, B., & Hariyanto, E. (2023). Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran IPAS Berbasis Proyek untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep dan Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Indonesia, 11(1), 76-88.
Tyler, R. W. (2019). Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Umiarso. (2021). Manajemen Pendidikan Islam: Pendekatan Teoritis dan Praktis. Yogyakarta: LKiS.
UNESCO. (2020). Education for Sustainable Development: A Roadmap. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
Vika Puji Cahyani, Achmad Romadin, Erniyani, Fahri Anwar, & Mohd Zulfakar Mohd Nawi. (2024). Optimising Assessment in Project-Based Learning to Improve the Quality of STEM Learning. International Journal of Scientific Multidisciplinary Research, 2(11), 1645–1656. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijsmr.v2i11.12392
Zhang, L., & Ma, Y. (2023). A study of the impact of project-based learning on student learning effects: a meta-analysis study. In Frontiers in Psychology (Vol. 14). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1202728
Županić Benić, M. (2016). Ken Robinson, Lou Aronica: Creative Schools. The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education. Metodicki Ogledi, 23(1), 89–93. https://doi.org/10.21464/mo43.231.8993
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