Understanding Low Empathy and Reluctance to Share Among Young Children : A Qualitative Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31000/ceria.v15i1.15041Keywords:
Empathy, Sharing, Social Character, Early ChildhoodAbstract
Empathy and sharing are essential foundations in shaping the social character of early childhood, as they play a crucial role in fostering compassion, cooperation, and the ability to build positive relationships with others. However, in practice, many behaviors among young children still reflect a low level of empathy, such as reluctance to share toys, competing for play materials, and being insensitive to peers’ feelings. This study aims to analyze the symptoms of low empathy and sharing attitudes among early childhood learners through observational approaches in preschool settings. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method using non-participant observation and informal interviews with classroom teachers. The findings revealed that egocentric behavior in children tends to arise from a lack of habituation, limited social simulation, and insufficient positive reinforcement within the learning environment. This study emphasizes the importance of implementing consistent and collaborative social-emotional learning strategies between teachers and parents to nurture empathy and sharing attitudes in young children.
References
Ahyia, Y. M., Pandang, A., & Saman, A. (2024). The Effectiveness of using Symbolic Modeling Technique through Empathy Training to overcome Bullying Behavior of Students in Raudhatul Athfal. 8(3), 162–176.
Amelia, R., Suriansyah, A., & Aslamiah. (2021). Learning Model Based on Local Wisdom of Kalimantan Folklore ( BEKANTAN ). SEAMEO CECCEP, 2(1), 21–41. http://seameo-ceccep.org/journal/index.php/eccep/article/view/13%0Ahttp://seameo-ceccep.org/journal/index.php/eccep/article/download/13/8
Apriliasiwi, G., Kamaliyah, Amelia, R., & Pasani, C. F. (2021). Developing a Character of Responsibility and Social Care With a STAD Type Cooperative Model. 513, 600–606. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201230.169
Apsari, N. C., Nurfauziah, L. S., & Asiah, D. H. S. (2023). Dampak Penggunaan Gawai (Gadget) Terhadap Perilaku Sosial Anak Usia Dini. Share : Social Work Journal, 13(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v13i1.40927
Ardianto, A., Halimah, N., & Hasan, R. (2022). Pengembangan Nilai-Nilai Agama dan Moral Pada Anak Usia Dini di Raudhatul Athfal Nurut Taqwa Sea Minahasa. Indonesian Journal of Early Childhood Education (IJECE), 2(01), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.30984/ijece.v2i01.260
Ariani, N. W. T. (2022). Penguatan Nilai Agama Dalam Perkembangan Moral Anak Usia Dini. VIDYA SAMHITA : Jurnal Penelitian Agama, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.25078/vs.v7i2.3070
Astuti, H. P., Nugroho, A. A. E., & Dewi, N. A. R. (2020). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture Berbasis Keanekaragaman Hayati Dalam Pembentukan Empati Anak Usia Dini. Intuisi : Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah, 12(1), 66–74. https://doi.org/10.15294/intuisi.v12i1.23573
Bachri, A. A., Wulandari, Y. N., & Suriansyah, A. (2025). PEMBINAAN KARAKTER MELALUI IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN RELIGIUS PADA SISWA PAUD UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN GENERASI EMAS INDONESIA. Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge, 4(3), 173–178.
Bifadlilah, A., Elan, E., & Gandana, G. (2023). Stimulasi Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini melalui Penggunaan Media Permainan Puzzle. Jurnal Paud Agapedia, 7(2), 184–189. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpa.v7i2.63938
Darmiyati, D. (2020). Penilaian Unjuk Kerja Dalam Pengembangan Agama Dan Moral Anak Usia Din. Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, 10(1), 74. https://doi.org/10.20527/kewarganegaraan.v10i1.8532
Diken, I. H., & Melekoglu, M. (2022). The effectiveness of school-wide positive behavioral interventions and supports in early childhood settings: a mixed model research. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 11(1), 109–135.
Farantika, D., & Hafni, N. D. (2025). Strategi Guru PAUD dalam Menumbuhkan Kemampuan Sosial Anak. April, 53–61.
Fitra, N., Kanza, M., & Muthohar, S. (2025). Strategi Guru Dalam Menumbuhkan Empati dan Kerja sama Anak Usia Dini. 8(2), 615–625. https://doi.org/10.31004/aulad.v8i2.891
Hamzah, F., Tahir, S., & Miyodu, W. (2025). Pentingnya Toleransi dan Empati dalam Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Inklusif. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 1(2), 296–301.
Hanafiah, M. (2024). Perkembangan Moral Anak Dalam Perspektif Pendidikan(Kajian Teori Lawrence Kohlberg). Ameena Journal, 2(1), 75–92. https://ejournal.ymal.or.id/index.php/aij/article/view/54/50
Haryono, S. E., Muntomimah, S., & Eva, N. (2020). Planting Values through Character Education for Early Childhood. 2020(58), 97–108. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v4i15.8194
Irvin, D., Greenwood, C. R., Carta, J. J., Schnitz, A. G., Higgins, S., Buzhardt, J., Walker, D., & Jia, F. (2021). Progress Toward an Early Social Indicator for Infants and Toddlers. https://doi.org/10.1177/1053815120945021
Kumari, R., Nurhayati, S., Harmiasih, S., & Endang Yunitasari, S. (2023). Menumbuhkan Sikap Empati Pada Anak Usia Dini Melalui Pembiasaan Sedekah Jumat Berkah di PAUD Insan Mandiri Kota Bogor Rini. AKSARA: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Nonformal, 09((2), May), 1067–1074.
Kuswandi, I. (2020). Tahapan Pengembangan Moral: Perspektif Barat Dan Islam. Ar-Risalah: Media Keislaman, Pendidikan Dan Hukum Islam, 18(1), 158–173.
Made, F. I. (2022). The Impact of Social Skills Training on The Ability To Cooperate in Early Childhood. 5, 32–41.
Malik, L. R., Kartika, A. D. A., & Saugi, W. (2020). Pola Asuh Orang Tua dalam Menstimulasi Kemandirian Anak Usia Dini. Southeast Asian Journal of Islamic Education, 3(1), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.21093/sajie.v3i1.2919
Mubarok, Azizah, N., Suriansyah, A., Harsono, A. M. B., & Iskandar, B. A. (2024). Strategi Guru Pada Keberagaman Agama Dalam Membentuk Sikap Toleransi Antar Peserta Didik. 2(3), 1132–1137.
Nisa, L., Maghfiroh, A. S., & Usman, J. (2020). Penerapan Metode Bermain Peran Terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini di PAUD/KB Al-Munawwarah Pamekasan. Kiddo: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini, 1(1), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.19105/kiddo.v1i1.2978
Novitawati, Rukayah, S., & Rachman, A. (2024). Pengaruh Pola Asuh dan Tingkat Pendidikan Orang Tua melalui Perilaku Sosial Anak terhadap Kesiapan Sekolah Anak. Journal of Education Research, 5(3), 2791–2801. https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i3.1266
Nurfazrina, S. A., Muslihin, H. Y., & Sumardi, S. (2020). Analisis Kemampuan Empati Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun (Literature Review). Jurnal Paud Agapedia, 4(2), 285–299. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpa.v4i2.30447
Pasiska. (2024). Mendidik Anak Usia Dini Berdasarkan Teori Albert Bandura : Penerapan “ Habitus “ Perilaku. 2(2).
Rambe, A. P., Batu Bara, H., Nasution, D. A., Fawas, R. A., Siregar, R. M., & Pasaribu, N. A. (2023). Metode Bermain Peran dan Alat Permainan Edukatif untuk Meningkatkan Empati Anak Usia Dini. Mimbar Kampus: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Agama Islam, 22(2), 360–370. https://doi.org/10.47467/mk.v22i2.2913
Raudah, Marwah, S., Oktavia, B., Syafaqoh, N., & Wulandari, Z. (2025). PERAN PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL ANAK DI PAUD. Psikosospen : Jurnal Psikososial Dan Pendidikan, 1(2), 580–589.
Rositi, H. A. S. (2022). Dinamika Perilaku Berbagi Anak Usia Dini Di Tk Tunas KusumaBandar LampungTahun Pelajaran 2021/2022. Early Child Research and Practice -ECRP, 1(1), 1–8.
Savitri, D., & Harahap, S. (2022). Peran Profesional Guru PAUD dalam Pembinaan Moral Anak Usia Dini. DWIJA CENDEKIA: Jurnal Riset Pedagogik, 6(3), 141–144. http://www.tjyybjb.ac.cn/CN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=9987
Sukemi, R. S., & Amin, L. H. (2024). Perkembangan Nilai Agama Dan Moral Anak. Perkembangan Nilai Agama Dan Moral Anak Dan Pendidikan Keagamaan Orangtua, 1(Maret), 1–20.
Sulaiman, Sri, T. A. P., & Novitawati. (2024). Pengaruh Interaksi Orang Tua: Screen Time terhadap Kemampuan Sosial Emosional dan Berbicara Anak Taman Kanak-Kanak. Journal of Education Research, 5(3), 3525–3535. https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i3.1420
Suparno, S. (2020). Konsep Penguatan Nilai Moral Anak Menurut Kohlberg. ZAHRA: Research and Tought Elementary School of Islam Journal, 1(2), 58–67. https://doi.org/10.37812/zahra.v1i2.124
Susilawati, I., Desi, T., & Kartini, K. (2022). Kemampuan Sosial Emosional Anak Melalui Permainan Tradisional Gobak Sodor Pada Anak Usia Dini 5-6 Tahun Di Tk Pelangi. Masa Keemasan: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.46368/mkjpaud.v2i1.737
Trivedi-bateman, N., & Crook, E. L. (2022). The optimal application of empathy interventions to reduce antisocial behaviour and crime : a review of the literature. 2744. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316X.2021.1962870
Yanita Sari, Y., & Kosasih, A. (2019). Model Pelibatan Orang Tua Dalam Pendidikan Karakter Di Lembaga Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Prosiding Kolokium Doktor Dan Seminar Hasil Penelitian Hibah, 1(1), 394–411. https://doi.org/10.22236/psd/11394-41186
Zulfida, Y., & Aslamiah, A. (2023). Meningkatkan Motivasi, Aktivitas Dan Perkembangan Nilai Agama Dan Moral Menggunakan Model Diraut Pada Anak Kelompok B. Jurnal Inovasi, Kreatifitas Anak Usia Dini (JIKAD), 3(2), 44–56. https://doi.org/10.20527/jikad.v3i2.9178
