Interpretasi Makna Perjuangan dan Harapan Dalam Puisi ‘Amal’ Karya Mahmoud Darwish (Kajian Strukturalisme Strata Norma Roman Ingarden)

Abstract

Poetry contains the meaning and purpose that the poet wants to convey through the sounds and words in the poem. This research aims to analyze the strata of norms that exist in the poem and emphasize the meaning contained in each layer of norms in the poem 'Amal' by Mahmoud Darwish using Roman Ingarden's structuralism strata of norms theory approach through five layers. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method using literature review. Data collection techniques used through two data sources, namely primary data in the form of text in the poem Amal by Mahmoud Darwish and secondary data in the form of books, journals, and other relevant readings. The results of this study are the layers of sound there is assonance, alliteration with the arrangement of heavy and soft sounds, repetition of words to emphasize the meaning contained in the sound of the word. The meaning layer contains the beauty of the arrangement with connotations and denotations in making the poem. Third, the objective layer consists of characters, objects, settings, and the author's world that builds the poem. The world layer depicts a strong hope and identity to achieve justice and freedom. And in the metaphysical layer, the poet invites readers to reflect on the hopes and struggles in a country that is experiencing prolonged conflict.