Social Network Analysis on Program Convergence to Alleviate Poverty
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31000/jgcs.v10i1.15102Keywords:
Social Network Analysis, Poverty Alleviation, Collaborative Governance, Network Centralization, Governance AsymmetryAbstract
This study shows that the effectiveness of poverty alleviation programs is strongly shaped by the structure of governance networks. The findings indicate that a highly centralized network, while improving administrative coordination, produces governance asymmetry, limits horizontal collaboration, and constrains the participation of peripheral actors. Low network density further weakens program convergence, making it largely procedural rather than outcome-oriented. Theoretically, this study contributes by integrating Social Network Analysis (SNA) with collaborative governance, demonstrating that network inequality and governance asymmetry are key factors influencing policy effectiveness. This challenges the assumption that coordination alone is sufficient, highlighting instead the importance of network structure in shaping inclusivity and resource distribution. From a policy perspective, short-term priorities should focus on improving data integration, strengthening cross-agency coordination through SOPs, and developing integrated referral systems. Long-term strategies should aim to reduce over-centralization, strengthen horizontal collaboration, and enhance community participation as active actors in governance processes. This study is limited by its single-case design and qualitative interpretation of network data. Future research should apply mixed-method approaches and comparative analysis across regions to further examine how network structures influence policy outcomes.
Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas program pengentasan kemiskinan sangat dipengaruhi oleh struktur jaringan tata kelola. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa jaringan yang sangat tersentralisasi, meskipun meningkatkan koordinasi administratif, justru menghasilkan asimetri tata kelola, membatasi kolaborasi horizontal, dan menghambat partisipasi aktor periferal. Rendahnya kepadatan jaringan semakin melemahkan konvergensi program, sehingga implementasinya cenderung bersifat prosedural daripada berorientasi pada hasil. Secara teoretis, penelitian ini berkontribusi dengan mengintegrasikan Analisis Jaringan Sosial (SNA) dan tata kelola kolaboratif, yang menunjukkan bahwa ketimpangan jaringan dan asimetri tata kelola merupakan faktor kunci yang memengaruhi efektivitas kebijakan. Temuan ini menantang asumsi bahwa koordinasi semata sudah cukup, serta menegaskan pentingnya struktur jaringan dalam menentukan inklusivitas dan distribusi sumber daya. Dari perspektif kebijakan, prioritas jangka pendek difokuskan pada peningkatan integrasi data, penguatan koordinasi lintas instansi melalui SOP, serta pengembangan sistem rujukan terintegrasi. Sementara itu, strategi jangka panjang diarahkan pada pengurangan sentralisasi yang berlebihan, penguatan kolaborasi horizontal, dan peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat sebagai aktor aktif dalam proses tata kelola. Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan pada penggunaan desain studi kasus tunggal dan pendekatan kualitatif dalam interpretasi data jaringan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran serta analisis komparatif antar wilayah untuk mengkaji lebih lanjut pengaruh struktur jaringan terhadap hasil kebijakan.
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